According to theauthor, all of the following are true except (that)____。
Which is among thebest possible ways to…?
Which of thefollowing would NOT be an example____?
Which of thefollowing is the LEAST likely…?
對于細節題我們要從詞義與語法(句法)著手,從這個角度來說,此類考題又可被細劃分以下幾個次范疇:
1)因果標志語
表因果關系的標志詞可具體分為:
a。表原因
because of, since,for, as, now that, seeing that, owing to, caused by, the main reason for…is
b. 表結果
hence, thus, so,therefore, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, for that reason
2)結論標志語
in general,generally speaking, in short, in a word, to be brief in all, in simple words
3) 轉折與對比題
but, however,nevertheless, otherwise, dissimilarly, unlike, on the contrary, in contrast, inopposition to, on the opposite side
4) 比較類型標記語
similarly,likewise, in similar fashion, in similar way, in the same matter, just as
5) 列舉標志語
one… another…stillanother, first…second…third
6) 舉例標志語
for example, as anexample, as an instance, take…as an example, let me cite… as a proof
細節題舉例說明
2001年Passage 1
Specialization canbe seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation ofscientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units,one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis forfurther research. But specialization was only one of a series of relateddevelopments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was thegrowing professionalisation of scientific activity。
54. The directreason for specialization is _________。
[A]the developmentin communication
[B]the growth ofprofessionalisation
[C]the expansionof scientific knowledge
[D]the splittingup of academic societies
該題考察的是實行專業化的直接因素是什么,根據本文第一句即可找到答案C為正確選項,其中“as a responseto”即表示的是因果關系。
類似的解題思路可應用到以下文章中:
What accounts forthe great outburst of major inventions in early America—breakthroughs such asthe telegraph, the steamboat and the weaving machine?
Among the manyshaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools;a labor force that welcomed the new technology; the practice of giving premiumsto inventors; and above all the American genius for nonverbal, spatial thinkingabout things technological。(1996)
1.According to theauthor, the great outburst of major inventions in early America was in a largepart due to ________。
[A] elementaryschools
[B] enthusiasticworkers
[C] the attractivepremium system
[D] a special wayof thinking
The researchersstudied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. Theyare good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily.Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closerattention to the value of goods and services than males. (2005)
2.Female capuchinmonkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are ________。
[A] more inclinedto weigh what they get
[B] attentive toresearchers’ instructions
[C] nice in bothappearance and temperament
[D] more generousthan their male companions
這兩道題共同的特點就是題目中都有一個表示程度的限定詞。第一道題中的限定詞是in a large part,第二道題中的限定詞是mostprobably,這兩個詞語的出現本身就有一個暗示,說明選項中應該有不止一個原因,但是題目要求回答出其中最重要的一個因素。原文定位第一道題,可以發現定位句“I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools;a labor forcethat welcomed the new technology;the practice of giving premiums to inventors;and above allthe American genius for nonverbal,spatial thinking about things technological”中含有四個并列成分,分別是“excellentelementary schools” , “a labor force”, “the practice of giving premiums to inventors”和“the Americangenius for nonverbal,spatial thinking about things technological”。上述四個內容在選項中都有出現,很多同學會因為先入為主的思維習慣選擇A。但是當我們注意到題干中的限定信息是要求找其中影響最大的一個因素,我們就要比照四個因素哪個影響最大。原文中的第四點前出現了above all,這個短語表示“最重要的是”,所以此題應該選擇D。
類似的2005年的考題中也出現了同樣的情況,題干中出現most,選項中出現了列舉。“They look cute. They are good-natured,cooperative creatures,and they sharetheir food tardily. Above all,like theirfemale human counterparts,they tend topay much closer attention to the value of goods and services’ than males”這些列舉也分別被設計成了干擾項。但是其中受到強調的是above all 后面的這個因素。“liketheir female human counterparts,they tend topay much closer attention to the value of goods and services’ than males”,所以此題答案為A。